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KMID : 1023720200750030085
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Journal of Welfare for the Aged
2020 Volume.75 No. 3 p.85 ~ p.119
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Meta-analysis of the Effects of Dementia Prevention Program for Korean elderly: Focused on Cognition, Stimulation and Integration Programs
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Min Hye-Ji
Chang Jin-Kyung
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Abstract
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This study aims to investigate the size of overall effect and moderator variable-dependent effects of dementia prevention programs for old people with normal cognition and mild cognitive impairment in Korea. To this end, we analyzed total 184 effect sizes extracted from 77 dissertations and academic journal papers published in Korea from January, 2000 to April, 2019. First, we found that the overall effect size of the dementia prevention programs was large (g=0.85). Second, by comparing the effect sizes of the dementia prevention programs across approaches, we found that the stimulation-oriented and the integrated approaches led to a large effect size and the cognition-oriented approach led to a intermediate effect size. Third, by comparing the sizes of effects on dependent variables across approaches, we found that the cognition-oriented and the integrated approaches resulted in the largest effect on self-esteem, whereas the stimulation-oriented approach resulted in the largest effect on dementia prevention behavior. Fourth, by comparing the effects across the duration of education for each approach, we found that the cognition-oriented approach was the most effective when the duration of each session was 90-120 minutes; the stimulation-oriented approach was the most effective when the total duration of education was 17 weeks or longer, the total number of sessions was 41 or more, and the duration of each session was 90-120 minutes; the integrated approach was the most effective when the number of sessions per week was two and the duration of each session was 90-120 minutes. Collectively, these results provide three lessons: 1) dementia prevention programs should be activated in policy level; 2) a priority should be placed on the stimulation-oriented approach; and 3) the characteristics of participants and program management should be considered depending on the approaches of dementia prevention programs.
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KEYWORD
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dementia prevention programs, elderly, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), dementia factors, meta-analysis, effectiveness
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